Literature
- Cannon, L.R.G. and Silver, H. 1986. Sea Cucumbers of Northern Australia. Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Australia, 60 pp.
- Clark, H.L. 1924. The holothurians of the Museum of Comparative Zoology: The Synaptinae. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 65:459-501.
- Clark, H.L. 1946. The Echinoderm Fauna of Australia: its composition and its origin. Publications of the Carnegie Institution of Washington 566: 1-567.
- Fisher, W.K. 1907. The holothurians of the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 32: 637-744.
- Semper, C. 1868. Holothurien. In 'Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate.' (Wiesbaden: Kreidel).