Literature
- Cannon, L.R.G. and Silver, H. 1986. Sea Cucumbers of Northern Australia. Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Australia, 60 pp.
- Clark, A.M. and Rowe, F.W.E. 1971. 'Monograph of shallow water Indo-west Pacific Echinoderms.' (London:British Museum).
- Clark, H.L. 1938. Echinoderms from Australia. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology of the Harvard College 55: 1-596.
- Théel, H. 1886. Holothurioidea. Pt. 2. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H.M.S. 'Challenger' (Zoology) 39: 1-290.